Research Objectives: An evaluation of the antimicrobial mechanism and efficacy of Lactic Acid, alone and in synergy with surfactants.
Methods: Assessment of studies carried out according to the EN 1276 European Standard for evaluation of bactericidal efficacy of disinfecting liquids. The EN 1276 Standard is a Quantitative Suspension Test for assessing the bactericidal activity of chemical antiseptics and disinfectants that evaluates how effectively the product causes a reduction in the number of viable bacterial cells of relevant test microorganisms.
Results: Lactic Acid is especially effective against Gram-negative bacteria in the absence of surfactants. Gram-positive bacteria are generally less sensitive to Lactic Acid but are rendered susceptible by surfactants. This synergy gives the combination of surfactants and Lactic Acid a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity in cleaning products. In the appropriate combination, Lactic Acid and surfactants work in symphony. Various combinations of Lactic Acid and surfactants act as broad-spectrum antibacterial formulations. Other secondary ingredients, such as preservatives, chelating agents and alcohols, can boost the bactericidal action of Lactic Acid.
Conclusions: Lactic Acid is a safe, biobased and biodegradable option for antimicrobial products and formulations, with proven broad-range efficacy against bacteria and viruses.